Emotions & Brody Essay Example for Free

Emotions Brody demonstrateBrody (2001) defines emotions as motivational systems with physiological, behavioral, experiential, and cognitive components (p. 15). The author adds that emotions have a positive or negative valence and alike vary in intensity or arousal levels, from mild to strong (p. 15). Emotional mien indicates outward manifestation on an several(prenominal)s face, while emotional picture is a severalize of feeling that only the individual knows it (Brody, 2001). Emotional expression may either play a reference as a self-communicative function or may reflect the behavioral and physiological arousal in concert with the emotional experience (Brody, 2001). Expression of feelings may help an individual to determine the characteristic of an emotional experience (Brody, 2001). Factors that influence facial nerve expression rely on the individual who expresses the emotion, the individual who perceives the emotion, the message expressed in each channel, and previo us experience (Ekman Sullivan, 1991). Facial feedback pertains to patterned proprioceptive feedback coming from the muscle activity in the face or from integrated expressions in the face (Ekman Sullivan, 1991).According to Ekman and Sullivan (1991), the facial feedback hypothesis is an important ascertain factor of the experience of emotion. The authors add that the facial feedback hypothesis contends that an individual can utilize information from his or her own facial behavior to figure out what he or she feels. The facial feedback hypothesis also claims that the expression of emotion causes autonomic, hormonal, and behavioral alterations that initiate the experience of the emotion (Brody, 2001).Facial expressions are being use by individuals as clues as to what emotions they are experiencing or in making judgments concerning their attitudes (Brody, 2001). A positive facial expression show more positive reactions such(prenominal) as understanding instead of anger, than those i ndividuals who are covering angry facial expressions (Brody, 2001). Emotional experience happens when unforeseen changes in personally significant lasts are established (Stein, Hernandez, Trabasso, 2008).The situation that surrounds an emotion starts when a effect event happens and warns an individual to some type of alterations in a personally significant goal (Stein, Hernandez, Trabasso, 2008). An emotional episode is defined as a sequence of events that includes the precipitating event appraisals of the change in the status of a goal the physiological and neurophysiological reactions that occur in relation to the change the emotional reaction itself and subsequent appraisal, planning, and behavior sequences carried out to cope with the impact of the goal change (Stein, Hernandez, Trabasso, 2008, p.575). An emotional response of an individual should continue to be expressed or experienced if wise meaning is realized from discovering a repeated event in order for the event to be connected to new information not previously accessed (Stein, Hernandez, Trabasso, 2008). Appraisal theory contends that emotions rely on understanding the adaptive relevance or personal significance of a situation (Parkinson, 2001). Appraisal is influenced by several factors such as perceptual, sensory-motor, and cognitive processes (Parkinson, 2001).Furthermore, appraisal processes are believed to happen between input and output in a cognitive system of an individual (Parkinson, 2001). They are influenced by an ongoing dialogue, in which interpersonally distributed cognition was used to get through emotional conclusions (Parkinson, 2001). When an individual describes his or her experience based on a given emotion, he or she has a tendency to manifest distinctive patterns of appraisal corresponding to the given emotion (Parkinson, 2001).This means that an individuals everyday emotional representations are linked with relatively consistent attributes of appraisal profiles ( Parkinson, 2001).ReferencesBrody, L. (2001). Gender, emotion, and the family. Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press. Ekman, P. OSullivan, M. (1991). Facial expression Methods, means, and moues. In R. S. Feldman B. Rime (Eds. ), Fundamentals of nonverbal behavior (pp. 163-199).Cambridge University Press. Parkinson, B. (2001). Putting appraisal in context. In K. R. Scherer, A. Schorr, T. Johnstone (Eds. ), In Appraisal processes in emotion Theory, methods, research (pp. 173-186). USA Oxford University Press. Stein, N. L. , Hernandez, M. W. , Trabasso, T. (2008). In M. Lewis, J. M. Haviland-Jones, L. F. Barrett (Eds. ), Handbook of emotions (pp. 574-586). get together Kingdom Guilford Press.